NCI Role in the Development of 37 Cancer Drugs

Table 1
NCI Role in the Development of 37 Cancer Drugs

Drug Discovery
Institution FDA New Drug
Approval Marketing
Company NCI
Pre-Clinical NCI
Clinical

Vincristine Lilly 1963 Lilly none major

Pipobroman NCI 1966 not marketed discovery major

Hydroxyurea NCI 1967 Squibb discovery major

Cytarbine Upjohn 1969 Upjohn significant major

Procarbazine Roche 1969 Hoffman-LaRoche none major

Mithramycin NCI 1970 Pfizer discovery major

o,p - DDD NCI 1970 Bristol discovery major

Bleomycin IMC 1973 Bristol little major

Doxorubjcin Farmitalia 1974 Adria little major

Dacarbazine NCI 1975 Dohme discovery major

Lomustine NCI 1976 Bristol discovery major

Carmustine NCI 1977 Bristol discovery major

Cisplatin Mich St 1978 Bristol significant major

L-Asparaginase Cornell 1978 Merck significant major

Daunorubicin Farmitalia,
Rhone Poulenc 1979 Ives little major

Streptozotocin NCI 1982 Upjohn discovery major

VP-16 Sandoz 1983 Bristol little major

Leuoprolide Abbott 1985 Abbott little major

alpha-interferon England 1986 Roche little major

alpha-interferon England 1986 Schering little major

Mitoxatrone NCI 1987 Lederle discovery major

Ifosfamide Asta-Werke 1988 BMS little major

Carboplatin NCI 1989 BMS significant major

Flutamide Schering-Plough 1989 Schering-Plough none none

Zoladex ICI 1989 ICI none none

BCG . 1990 Connaught Organon Teknika none major

GM-CSF Immunex 1990 Immunex Hoechst Roussel none major

HMM American Cyanamid 1990 US Bioscience significant major

Idarubicin Farmatalia 1990 Adria Labs none none

Levamisole Janssen 1990 Janssen little major

Fludarabine Phosphate Southern Research Insitute
(NCI contractor) 1991 Berlex discovery major

G-CSF Amgen 1991 Amgen none major

Pentostatin Parke-Davis (NCI contractor) 1991 Parke-Davis significant major

VM-26 Sandoz 1992 BMS little major

IL-2 Cetus 1992 Chiron none major

Taxol NCI 1992 BMS discovery major

Sources: Bruce A. Chabner and Dale Shoemaker, "Drug Development for Cancer: Implications for Chemical Modifiers," International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics, April 1989, Volume 16, Number 4, pp. 907-909. Dr. Dale Shoemaker and Dr. Saul Schepartz, Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute. Taxpayer Assets Project. See also Federally Funded Pharmaceutical Inventions, Ralph Nader and James Love, Testimony before the Special Committee on the Aging of the United States Senate, February 24, 1993.

CPT Home IP and Healthcare CPT page on South Africa James Love's Affidavit

Drug	Discovery Institution	FDA New Drug Approval	Marketing Company	NCI Pre-Clinical	NCI Clinical
Vincristine	Lilly	1963	Lilly	none	major
Pipobroman	NCI	1966	not marketed	discovery	major
Hydroxyurea	NCI	1967	Squibb	discovery	major
Cytarbine	Upjohn	1969	Upjohn	significant	major
Procarbazine	Roche	1969	Hoffman-LaRoche	none	major
Mithramycin	NCI	1970	Pfizer	discovery	major
o,p - DDD	NCI	1970	Bristol	discovery	major
Bleomycin	IMC	1973	Bristol	little	major
Doxorubjcin	Farmitalia	1974	Adria	little	major
Dacarbazine	NCI	1975	Dohme	discovery	major
Lomustine	NCI	1976	Bristol	discovery	major
Carmustine	NCI	1977	Bristol	discovery	major
Cisplatin	Mich St	1978	Bristol	significant	major
L-Asparaginase	Cornell	1978	Merck	significant	major
Daunorubicin	Farmitalia, Rhone Poulenc	1979	Ives	little	major
Streptozotocin	NCI	1982	Upjohn	discovery	major
VP-16	Sandoz	1983	Bristol	little	major
Leuoprolide	Abbott	1985	Abbott	little	major
alpha-interferon	England	1986	Roche	little	major
alpha-interferon	England	1986	Schering	little	major
Mitoxatrone	NCI	1987	Lederle	discovery	major
Ifosfamide	Asta-Werke	1988	BMS	little	major
Carboplatin	NCI	1989	BMS	significant	major
Flutamide	Schering-Plough	1989	Schering-Plough	none	none
Zoladex	ICI	1989	ICI	none	none
BCG	.	1990	Connaught Organon Teknika	none	major
GM-CSF	Immunex	1990	Immunex Hoechst Roussel	none	major
HMM	American Cyanamid	1990	US Bioscience	significant	major
Idarubicin	Farmatalia	1990	Adria Labs	none	none
Levamisole	Janssen	1990	Janssen	little	major
Fludarabine Phosphate	Southern Research Insitute (NCI contractor)	1991	Berlex	discovery	major
G-CSF	Amgen	1991	Amgen	none	major
Pentostatin	Parke-Davis (NCI contractor)	1991	Parke-Davis	significant	major
VM-26	Sandoz	1992	BMS	little	major
IL-2	Cetus	1992	Chiron	none	major
Taxol	NCI	1992	BMS	discovery	major